Tsar Nicholas II
Nicholas II or Nikolai II Alexandrovich Romanov (18 May [O.S. 6 May] 1868 – 17 July 1918), known in the Russian Orthodox Church as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer, was the last Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland, ruling from 1 November 1894 until his abdication on 15 March 1917. During his reign, Nicholas gave support to the economic and political reforms promoted by his prime ministers, Sergei Witte and Pyotr Stolypin. He advocated modernization based on foreign loans and close ties with France, but resisted giving the new parliament (the Duma) major roles. Ultimately, progress was undermined by Nicholas's commitment to autocratic rule, strong aristocratic opposition and defeats sustained by the Russian military in the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. By March 1917, public support for Nicholas had collapsed and he was forced to abdicate the throne, thereby ending the Romanov dynasty's 304-year rule of Russia (1613–1917).
You can find people similar to Tsar Nicholas II by visiting our lists World War I political leaders and Politicians assassinated in the 1910s.
| Full name at birth | Nicholas Alexandrovich Romanov
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| Claim to fame | The last Czar of Russia
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| Date of birth | 18 May 1868
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| Place of birth | Saint Petersburg, Russia
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| Date of death | 17 July 1918
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| Age | 50 (age at death)
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| Place of death | Ipatiev House, Russia
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| Cause of death | Execution By Firing Squad
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| Resting place | 17 July 1998Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
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| Occupation | Tsar of Russia, Emperor of Russia
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PERSONAL DETAILS
| Height | 5' 7" (170 cm)
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ADDITIONAL DETAILS
| High school |
high school
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university
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- At the age of 26, Nicholas succeeded to the Russian throne, after his father, Alexander III, died from liver disease in October 1894.
- Nicholas II was granted honorary senior rank in a number of foreign armies, reciprocating by extending similar distinctions to a number of his fellow monarchs. These included the Imperial German, Spanish, Italian, Danish and British armies.
- Nicholas was carrying his son; when the family arrived in the basement, the former empress complained that there were no chairs for them to sit on.[citation needed] Yurovsky ordered two chairs brought in, and when the empress and the heir were seated, the executioners filed into the room. Yurovsky announced to them that they had been condemned to death by the Ural Soviet of Workers' Deputies. A stunned Nicholas asked, "What? What?" and turned toward his family. Yurovsky quickly repeated the order and shot the former emperor outright.
- In the spring of 1918, Nicholas was handed over to the local Ural soviet by commissar Vasili Yakovlev who was given a written receipt.
- His wife Empress Alexandra is his second cousin.
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