Mediterranean Sea

Mediterranean Sea

Sea between Europe, Africa and Asia, connected to the Atlantic Ocean
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The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa and on the east by the Levant. Although the sea is sometimes considered a part of the Atlantic Ocean, it is usually referred to as a separate body of water. Geological evidence indicates that around 5.9 million years ago, the Mediterranean was cut off from the Atlantic and was partly or completely desiccated over a period of some 600,000 years (the Messinian salinity crisis) before being refilled by the Zanclean flood about 5.3 million years ago.

Coordinates
35°N 18°E
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Type
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Primary inflows
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Basin countries
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Surface area
2,500,000 km (970,000 sq mi)
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Average depth
1,500 m (4,900 ft)
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Max. depth
5,267 m (17,280 ft)
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Water volume
3,750,000 km (900,000 cu mi)
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Residence time
80–100 years
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Islands
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Settlements
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Contributors

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